Appendix D: CO2 Equivalency Factors: An Appendix to the Report, “A Lifecycle Emissions Model (LEM): Lifecycle Emissions From Transportation Fuels, Motor Vehicles, Transportation Modes, Electricity Use, Heating and Cooking Fuels, and Materials” 

This report is an appendix to the report, 'A Lifecycle emissions model (LEM): lifecycle emissions from transportation fuels, motor vehicles transportation modes, electricity use, heating and cooking fuels, and materials". It begins with a brief overview of greenhouse gases and climate change. Major emission sources of greenhouse gases and aerosols are discussed. Background information of estimating carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalency factors (CEFS) is presented. The report then focuses on CEFS and methods and parameter values for gases with direct radiative forcing effects and for gases with indirect effects on climate